The reduction of emissions produced by buildings (decarbonisation) is based on five main components: electrification, efficiency optimization, use of home automation and digitalisation technologies, presence of renewable sources or connection to them, adequate design referring to the entire life cycle .

This path is generally linked to the disposal of gas, and usually also allows collateral benefits such as an increase in the value of buildings, resistance over time, more comfortable spaces, improvement of indoor and outdoor air quality and public health.

An important contribution to this path can be expected from the activation of renewable energy communities: groups of citizens who produce, distribute and share clean and renewable energy to limit energy waste, share energy at advantageous prices and reduce CO2 emissions. Such communities are spreading significantly and by 2050 it is estimated that 264 million European citizens will enter the energy market as prosumers and generate around 45% of total renewable electricity.